"Vigorous writing is concise. A sentence should contain no unnecessary words, a paragraph no unnecessary sentences, for the same reason that a drawing should have no unnecessary lines and a machine no unnecessary parts. This requires not that the writer make all sentences short, or avoid all detail and treat subjects only in outline, but that every word tell." -William Strunk, Jr. Making "every word tell" is what The Elements of Style is all about. This famous manual, now in a fourth edition, has conveyed the principles of plain English style to millions of readers. It is probably the only style manual ever to appear on the best seller lists. Whether you write letters, term papers, or novels, the "little" book, as it has come to be called, can help you communicate more effectively. It will show you how to cut deadwood out of your sentences; enliven your prose with the active voice; put statements in a positive form; approach style by way of plainness, simplicity, orderliness, sincerity. The original "little" book was written by William Strunk, Jr., late professor of English at Cornell, for use by his students. Years later, one of the most illustrious of those students, E.B. White, prepared an edition of the book for the general public, revising the original and contributing a final chapter of his own that sought to lead the reader beyond mere correctness toward distinction in English style. This Fourth Edition includes a new glossary of grammatical terms. In addition, the book has been revised to update many of the references in examples and to reflect contemporary usage. These changes help make the "little" book even more accessible to new generations of readers and writers.You know the authors' names. You recognize the title. You've probably used this book yourself. This is The Elements of Style, the classic style manual, now in a fourth edition. The revisions to the new edition are purposely kept minimal in order to retain the book's unique tone, wit, and charm. A new Glossary of the grammatical terms used in the book provides a convenient reference for readers. The discussion of pronoun use is revised to reflect the contemporary concern with sexist language. In addition, there are numerous slight revisions in the book itself which implement this advice. A new Foreword by Roger Angell reminds readers that the advice of Strunk & White is as valuable today as when it was first offered.This book has conveyed the principles of English style to millions of readers. Use the fourth edition of "the little book" to make a big impact with writing.The hardcover version of the most indispensable writing resource features a new Glossary of grammatical terms; includes a new Foreword by Charles Osgood; and retains the classic principles of English style.This edition of the classic guide to lean, vigorous writing includes a new glossary of grammatical terms and has been revised to update references in examples and to reflect contemporary usage. Paper edition (30902-X), $6.95. Annotation c. Book News, Inc., Portland, OR (booknews.com)
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| Foreword | |
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| Introduction | |
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| Elementary Rules of Usage | |
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| Form the possessive singular of nouns by adding 's | |
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| In a series of three or more terms with a single conjunction, use a comma after each term except the last | |
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| Enclose parenthetic expressions between commas | |
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| Place a comma before a conjunction introducing an independent clause | |
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| Do not join independent clauses with a comma | |
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| Do not break sentences in two | |
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| Use a colon after an independent clause to introduce a list of particulars, an appositive, an amplification, or an illustrative quotation | |
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| Use a dash to set off an abrupt break or interruption and to announce a long appositive or summary | |
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| The number of the subject determines the number of the verb | |
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| Use the proper case of pronoun | |
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| A participial phrase at the beginning of a sentence must refer to the grammatical subject | |
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| Elementary Principles of Composition | |
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| Choose a suitable design and hold to it | |
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| Make the paragraph the unit of composition | |
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| Use the active voice | |
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| Put statements in positive form | |
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| Use definite, specific, concrete language | |
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| Omit needless words | |
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| Avoid a succession of loose sentences | |
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| Express coordinate ideas in similar form | |
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| Keep related words together | |
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| In summaries, keep to one tense | |
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| Place the emphatic words of a sentence at the end | |
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| A Few Matters of Form | |
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| Words and Expressions Commonly Misused | |
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| An Approach to Style (With a List of Reminders) | |
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| Place yourself in the background | |
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| Write in a way that comes naturally | |
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| Work from a suitable design | |
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| Write with nouns and verbs | |
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| Revise and rewrite | |
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| Do not overwrite | |
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| Do not overstate | |
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| Avoid the use of qualifiers | |
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| Do not affect a breezy manner | |
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| Use orthodox spelling | |
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| Do not explain too much | |
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| Do not construct awkward adverbs | |
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| Make sure the reader knows who is speaking | |
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| Avoid fancy words | |
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| Do not use dialect unless your ear is good | |
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| Be clear | |
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| Do not inject opinion | |
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| Use figures of speech sparingly | |
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| Do not take shortcuts at the cost of clarity | |
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| Avoid foreign languages | |
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| Prefer the standard to the offbeat | |
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| Afterword | |
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| Glossary | |
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| Index | |
William Strunk Jr. was born in Cincinnati, Ohio on July 1, 1869. He received a bachelor's degree at the University of Cincinnati in 1890 and Ph.D. at Cornell University in 1896. He taught English at Cornell University for forty-six years. He wrote two books: The Elements of Style, which was later published under the title The Elements and Practice of Composition, and English Metres. He was also an editor and edited important works by such authors as William Shakespeare, John Dryden, and James Fenimore Cooper. He served as a literary consultant to the 1936 MGM film version of Romeo and Juliet. He died on September 26, 1946.
Elwyn Brooks White was born on July 11, 1899, in Mt. Vernon, New York. After graduating from Cornell University, he worked briefly for an advertising agency and as a newspaper reporter before joining the staff of The New Yorker magazine in 1927. As a columnist for The New Yorker and a contributor to Harper's Magazine, White established a reputation as a prose stylist of exceptional elegance, clarity and wit. His interests, as reflected in his writing, were numerous and varied; his essays touched on such wide-ranging subjects as politics, farm animals, and life in New York City. White married Katharine S. Angell in 1929. They had one son, and in 1957 the family left New York for a farm in North Brookline, Maine. Writings from The New Yorker, 1927-1976 is a compilation of columns and essays produced during White's long relationship with the magazine. One Man's Meat, published in 1942, is a collection of his writings for Harper's. White adapted a short guide to English grammar and usage, The Elements of Style, from a college text written by one of his professors at Cornell, William Strunk Jr. It has sold millions of copies since it was first published in 1959 and has become a cherished resource for guidance in writing. White also co-authored Is Sex Necessary? with the humorist James Thurber, a fellow staff member at The New Yorker. E.B. White died on October 1, 1985 after succumbing to Alzheimer's. His diverse legacy also includes three children's books: Stuart Little, Charlotte's Web, and The Trumpet of the Swan. In 1970 the American Library Association presented White the Laura Ingalls Wilder Award in recognition of his "substantial and lasting contribution to literature for children." He was also awarded the Presidential Medal of Freedom in 1963 and received a special Pulitzer Prize citation for his body of work in 1970.