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| Acknowledgments | |
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| List of Images | |
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| Political Worlds of Women: Introduction | |
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| Strategies of Political Analysis | |
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| Comparative Assessment | |
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| Multilevel Analysis | |
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| Feminist Theorizing in Context | |
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| Tracing Historical Change | |
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| Expanding Political Frames | |
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| From Individual and Institutional Analysis to Structures of Oppression | |
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| Chapter Overview | |
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| Political Leadership, Gendered Institutions, and the Politics of Exclusion | |
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| Women in Executive Offices | |
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| Women in National Legislatures | |
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| Explaining Women's Continuing Absence | |
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| Gendered Institutions and the Politics of Exclusion: Historical Precedents | |
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| Body Politics in the American and French Revolutions | |
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| The Consolidation of Separate Spheres | |
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| Political Parties and the Politics of Exclusion: Contemporary Practices | |
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| Conclusion | |
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| From Demography to Development: Women's Worlds and the Politics of Knowledge | |
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| Global Gender Demographics | |
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| Life Expectancy | |
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| Gender Ratios | |
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| Marriage and Divorce | |
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| Pregnancy and Childbearing | |
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| Women's Labor | |
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| Migration | |
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| War and Displacement | |
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| Development | |
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| Modernization Theory as Policy Practice | |
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| Gender and Gendering in Development Policies | |
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| Women and Development: Reproduction and "Welfare" | |
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| Women in Development: | |
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| The Virtues of Waged Labor in the Formal Sector Gender and Development | |
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| Sustainable Development | |
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| Conclusion | |
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| Producing Raced-Gendered Citizens | |
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| Liberty, Equality, and Citizenship: Classical Liberal Presumptions | |
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| The Political Demarcation of Public and Private Spheres | |
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| Producing Raced-Gendered Citizens | |
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| Birthright and Its Suspension | |
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| Miscegenation Laws: Crafting the Complexion of Citizens | |
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| Immigration | |
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| The Discursive Production of Raced-Gendered Citizens | |
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| Welfare Policy | |
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| Biopower | |
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| Conclusion | |
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| From the Politics of Identity to Identity Politics | |
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| Dispelling Caricatures of Identity Politics | |
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| The Politics of Identity | |
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| The Microphysics of Power: Regulating Dress | |
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| Patrolling National Borders: Marriage and Reproduction | |
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| Reproducing Servility | |
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| Sexual Terror as Feminizing Practice | |
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| Femicide | |
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| Making Injustice Visible and Actionable | |
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| Identity Politics | |
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| Struggling for Visibility | |
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| Expanding the National Imaginary | |
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| Challenging Political Homophobia | |
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| Securing Constitutional Rights and Recognition | |
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| Transnational Strategies for Sexual Democracy | |
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| Conclusion | |
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| Engaging the State | |
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| Competing Conceptions of the State | |
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| The Straggle for Equal Citizenship | |
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| The Quest for Equality in the United States | |
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| Activism and Advocacy in Comparative Perspective | |
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| Women's Movements and Democratization in Latin America | |
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| Women's Movement Activism at the Grassroots in India | |
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| Feminist Civil Society: From Interest Groups to NGOs | |
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| NGOs in Postsocialist States | |
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| The European Women's Lobby: Coordinating Gender Equality Initiatives | |
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| Engaging the State in Africa: | |
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| From Apartheid to. the War on Terror Mobilizing for Equality it South Africa | |
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| Engaging the State in Morocco | |
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| Conclusion | |
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| Becoming the State | |
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| Portraits of Women Heads of State | |
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| Routes to Power: From Kinship to Quotas | |
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| Political Parties and the Gender Politics of Partisanship | |
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| Strategies to Limit Male Dominance | |
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| Reserved Seats | |
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| Voluntary Party Quotas | |
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| Mandatory Quotas | |
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| Challenges in Governing: Gender Politics in Office | |
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| Obstacles Confronting Women in Political Office | |
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| Conclusion | |
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| Promoting Equality Through Policymaking and Policy | |
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| Equality Policies: From Women's Machinery to State Feminism | |
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| Women's Policy Machinery | |
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| State Feminism | |
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| Policy Interventions: Violence Against Women | |
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| Brazil's Delegacia da Mulher (Women's Police Station) | |
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| Family Courts in India | |
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| Gender Mainstreaming | |
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| Comparative Approaches to Gender Mainstreaming | |
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| The Politics of Equality | |
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| Conclusion | |
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| International and Transnational Political Activism | |
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| Activism Within International Institutions | |
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| The UN Commission on the Status of Women and CEDAW | |
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| UW World Conferences and NGO Forums | |
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| UN Women | |
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| Transnational Activism: | |
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| Preventing War by Reconceptualizing Peace Early Twentieth-Century Interventions | |
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| Promoting Peace in the Contemporary Era | |
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| Expanding the Framework of Peace Activism | |
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| Everyday Peacemaking | |
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| Conclusion | |
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| Virtual Politics | |
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| The Technological Infrastructure for Virtual Politics | |
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| New Media and the Politics of Mobilization | |
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| Flash Mobs | |
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| Networking | |
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| Blogging | |
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| Information Politics | |
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| Peer-to-Peer Exchanges | |
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| New Media, Electoral Politics, and Political Participation: Evidence from the United States | |
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| Inclusion and Exclusion in Virtual Politics | |
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| The Microphysics of Power Within the Profession | |
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| The Politics of Representation and the Content of New Media | |
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| North/South Inequities | |
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| Gendered Genres in New Media | |
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| Refiguring the Public and the Private | |
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| Conclusion | |
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| Political Worlds of Women: Future Prospects | |
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| Prospects for Equitable Politics | |
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| Obstacles | |
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| Gendered States, Subordinating Practices | |
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| Stereotyping and Bias in Evaluation | |
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| Norms Grounded in Men's Experience | |
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| Frames That Mask Raced-Gendered Power | |
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| Economic Practices That Fuel Inequality | |
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| Resistance and Reaction | |
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| Fundamentalist Offensives | |
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| Future Prospects | |
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| Abbreviations | |
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| Glossary | |
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| Notes | |
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| Bibliography | |
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| Index | |
