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Organic Crop Breeding
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Organic Crop Breeding

Bueren, Edith T. Lammerts van; Myers, James R.
ISBN-10: 0470958588
ISBN-13: 9780470958582

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Organic Crop Breeding will provide readers with a thorough review of the latest efforts by crop breeders and geneticists to develop improved varieties for organic production. The book opens with chapters looking at breeding efforts that focus on specific valuable traits such as quality, pest and disease resistance as well as the impacts improved breeding efforts can have on organic production.
The second part of the book is a series of crop specific case studies that look at breeding efforts currently underway from around the world in crops ranging from carrots to corn. Organic Crop Breeding includes chapters from leading researchers in the field and is edited by two pioneers in the field.Organic Crop Breeding will provide valuable insight for crop breeders, geneticist, crop science professionals, researchers, and advanced students in this quickly emerging field.
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Contributors
Foreword
Preface
Acknowledgments
General Topics Related to Organic Plant Breeding
Organic Crop Breeding: Integrating Organic Agricultural Approaches and Traditional and Modern Plant Breeding Methods
Introduction
How Different Are Organic Fanning Systems?
Consequences for Cultivar Requirements
From Cultivar Evaluation to Organic Seed Production and Plant Breeding Programs
The History of Organic Crop Breeding in Europe and the United States
Perspectives and Challenges for Breeding for Organic Agriculture
Conclusion
References
Nutrient Management in Organic Farming and Consequences for Direct and Indirect Selection Strategies
Introduction
Availability of Nutrients in Organic Farming
Roots: The Hidden Potential
Even Greater Complexity: Plant-Microbe-Soil Interactions
Importance of Selection Environments
Breeding Strategies
References
Pest and Disease Management in Organic Farming: Implications and Inspirations for Plant Breeding
Introduction
Plant Protection in Organic Farming
Key Target Areas of Plant Breeding for Organic Plant Protection
Breeding Goals for Ecological Plant Protection
Plant Breeding Approaches Directly Targeting Pests or Diseases
Plant Breeding Approaches with Indirect Effects on Plant Health
Discussion and Conclusions
References
Approaches to Breed for Improved Weed Suppression in Organically Grown Cereals
Background
Crop Competitiveness Against Weeds
Crop Traits Involved in Weed Suppression
Selection of Traits and Their Evaluation in Plant Breeding Programs
Selection Strategies
Understanding Crop-Weed Interactions to Assist Plant Breeding
Concluding Remarks and Wider Perspectives
References
Breeding for Genetically Diverse Populations: Variety Mixtures and Evolutionary Populations
Introduction
Benefits of Genetic Diversity for Organic Agriculture
On-Farm Conservation of Useful Genetic Diversity
Breeding Strategies
Conclusion
References
Centralized or Decentralized Breeding: The Potentials of Participatory Approaches for Low-Input and Organic Agriculture
Introduction
Centralized and Decentralized Breeding: Definitions
What Can Be Decentralized in Breeding and Why?
Participatory Approaches
PPB: A Single Term Yielding Different Approaches
Some Examples of PPB for Organic and Low Input Agriculture in Southern Countries
Some Examples of PPB for Organic and Low Input Agriculture in Northern Countries
General Conclusions and Limits of PPB Approaches in Organic Fanning
References
Values and Principles in Organic Farming and Consequences for Breeding Approaches and Techniques
Introduction
Arguments Against Genetic Engineering
Organic Basic Principles
Toward Organic Breeding
From Values to Criteria: Evaluation of Breeding Techniques
How to Deal with Varieties Bred with Non-compliant Techniques?
Toward Appropriate Standards to Promote Organic Plant Breeding
Discussion and Challenges for Organic Plant Breeding
References
Plant Breeding, Variety Release, and Seed Commercialization: Laws and Policies Applied to the Organic Sector
Introduction
The Developments of Plant Breeding and the Emergence of Seed Laws
Variety Registration
Seed Quality Control and Certification
Special Needs for Organic Agriculture
A Recent Development in Europe: Conservation Varieties
Intellectual Property Rights and Plant Breeding
Discussion
Conclusions
Notes
References
Organic Plant Breeding in Specific Crops
Wheat: Breeding for Organic Farming Systems
Introduction
Methods
Traits for Selection in Organic Breeding Programs
A Case Study for EPB: Lexi's Project
A Case Study for Breeding within a Supply Chain Approach: Peter Kunz and Sativa
Conclusion
References
Maize: Breeding and Field Testing for Organic Farmers
Introduction
What Kind of Maize do Organic Farmers Want?
Are There Viable Alternatives to Single Cross Hybrids?
Testing and Using Alternative Hybrids
Are There Benefits for Breeding under Organic Conditions?
For Which Traits Is It Necessary to Test under Organic Conditions?
Choice of Parents for Breeding Programs
Breeding Programs
Future Directions
Notes
References
Rice: Crop Breeding Using Farmer-Led Participatory Plant Breeding
Introduction
MASIPAG and Participatory Rice Breeding
Beyond PPB: Farmer-Led Rice Breeding
The Breeding Process
Outcomes of the MASIPAG Program
Outlook
References
Soybean: Breeding for Organic Farming Systems
Introduction
Agronomic Characters
Seed Quality Features
Considerations on Breeding Methods
References
Faba Bean: Breeding for Organic Farming Systems
Purposes of Breeding and Growing Faba Bean
Genetic and Botanical Basics of Breeding Faba Bean
Methodological Considerations
Traits To Be Improved in Faba Bean Breeding
Open Questions, Need for Action
References
Potato: Perspectives to Breed for an Organic Crop Ideotype
Introduction
Required Cultivar Characteristics
Introgression Breeding and Applied Techniques
Participatory Approach: An Example from the Netherlands
Outlook
References
Tomato: Breeding for Improved Disease Resistance in Fresh Market and Home Garden Varieties
Introduction
Botanical and Genetic Characteristics of Tomato
Rationale for Breeding Tomatoes within Organic Systems
Breeding Needs with Focus on Organic Production
Case Studies: Breeding for Late Blight Resistance in Europe and North America
Outlook
References
Brassicas: Breeding Cole Crops for Organic Agriculture
Introduction
Rationale for Breeding within Organic Systems
Plant Biology
Traits Needed for Adaptation to Organic Production
Consideration of Breeding Methods
A Farmer Participatory Broccoli Breeding Program
Outlook
References
Onions: Breeding Onions for Low-Input and Organic Agriculture
Introduction
Robust Onion Cultivars
Breeding for Improved Nutrient Acquisition
Mycorrhizal Symbiosis and Product Quality
Conclusion
References
Index

List price: $180.00
Edition: 2012
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons, Incorporated
Binding: Trade Cloth
Pages: 312
Size: 7.00" wide x 10.00" long x 0.50" tall
Weight: 1.69 lbs.
Language: English

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