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Geometry, Perspective Drawing, and Mechanisms

Row, Donald; Talmage, James Reid
ISBN-10: 981434382X
ISBN-13: 9789814343824

The aim of this book is to examine the geometry of our world and, by blending theory with a variety of every-day examples, to stimulate the imagination of the readers and develop their geometric intuition. It tries to recapture the excitement that surrounded geometry during the Renaissance as the development of perspective drawing gathered pace, or more recently as engineers sought to show that all the world was a machine.
The same excitement is here still, as enquiring minds today puzzle over a random-dot stereogram or the interpretation of an image painstakingly transmitted from Jupiter.The book will give a solid foundation for a variety of undergraduate courses, to provide a basis for a geometric component of graduate teacher training, and to provide background for those who work in computer graphics and scene analysis. It begins with a self-contained development of the geometry of extended Euclidean space. This framework is then used to systematically clarify and develop the art of perspective drawing and its converse discipline of scene analysis and to analyze the behavior of bar-and-joint mechanisms and hinged-panel mechanisms. Spherical polyhedra are introduced and scene analysis is applied to drawings of these and associated objects. The book concludes by showing how a natural relaxation of the axioms developed in the early chapters leads to the concept of a matroid and briefly examines some of the attractive properties of these natural structures.
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Preface
Combinatorial Figures
Drawing figures
Modeling figures
The circuits of a figure
Combinatorial Geometries
The definition of a combinatorial geometry
Lines and planes of a combinatorial geometry
Two families of combinatorial geometries
Sketches of planar geometries and figures
Models of some combinatorial cubes
Subgeometries of a combinatorial geometry
Isomorphic combinatorial geometries
Planar Geometries and Projective Planes
The intersection of coplanar lines
Projective planes
Subgeometries of a projective plane
An extended Euclidean plane
Pencil and roller constructions
Coordinatizing an extended Euclidean plane
Sylvester's Theorem and the Fano plane
Non-Planar Geometries and Projective Spaces
Projective spaces
Subgeometries of a projective space
Desargues' Theorem and projective spaces
Extended Euclidean space
Coordinatizing extended Euclidean space
Perpendicular lines and planes
Pythagoras' Theorem, length and angle
The existence of a tetrahedron
Perspective Drawings
The definition and basic properties of a perspective drawing
Perspective drawings in a combinatorial geometry
Practical perspective drawing methods
Vanishing points
Perspective drawings of a box
Perspective rendition from an ideal viewpoint
Binocular Vision and Single Image Stereograms
Binocular vision
Binocular vision and random-dot stereograms
Single-image stereograms
Scene Analysis
Perspective drawings of intersections of planes
Scenes and other planar figures
The existence of boxes
Completing a partial scene
Two problems
Distortion and Anamorphic Art
Viewing perspective drawings
Anamorphic art
Distortion in 3-point perspective drawings
Distortion in 2-point perspective drawings
Distortion in 1-point perspective drawings
Distortion in affine projections
Planar Bar-And-Joint Mechanisms
Bar-and-joint models
Four-bar linkages
Rocking and rotation in 4-bar linkages
Coupler curves
Parallelogram and kite linkages
Plagiographs
Cognate linkages
Approximate and exact linear motion
Non-Planar Hinged-Panel-Mechanisms
Hinged-panel models
Four-panel cycles
Panel cycles of at least five panels
Polyhedral models
Graphs, Models and Geometries
The definition of a graph
Connected graphs and acyclic graphs
The rigidity of a one-story building
Hinge graphs and developments
Graphs that are also geometries
Spherical Polyhedra
The definition of a polyhedron
Planar graphs and three-connected graphs
The definition of a spherical polyhedron
Vertices, edges, and faces of a spherical polyhedron
The existence of spherical polyhedra
D�rer's melancholy octahedron
Scene Analysis and Spherical Polyhedra
Perspective drawings of a spherical polyhedron
Some applications of the theorem
Perspective drawings of a wider class of unions of polygonal regions
. Matroids
The definition of a matroid
Geometries, graphs, and matroids
Bases of a matroid
The rank function of a matroid
Isomorphism and representable matroids
Projective and affine geometry
Dual matroids
Restrictions and contractions of a matroid
Minors of a matroid
Paving matroids
Bibliography
Index


List price: $82.00
Edition: 2011
Publisher: World Scientific Publishing Company, Incorporated
Binding: Trade Cloth
Pages: 340
Size: 6.25" wide x 9.00" long x 1.00" tall
Weight: 1.39 lbs.
Language: English

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